Typical "diamond turning" - optimized for economic laser optics or also for semiconductor manufacturing.

Diamond turning is the expression for turning metal components by using diamond tools on low vibration air or hydrostatic bearing machining centers.
The machined optics are either "On-axis" or "Off-axis" components. While the center of rotation for "On-axis" is in the middle of the mirror, the axis offset for "Off-axis" usually allows several optics to be produced simultaneously and very economically.
In order to achieve an even better surface quality whenever possible KUGLER uses turning processes on the "R-Theta" principle:

Then the tool is not moved with two perpendicular axes, but a horizontally adjustable arm ("R") with the diamond tool attached is guided in an orbit ("theta") across the optics mounted to the air-bearing main spindle. The piezo-electrically adjusted "arm length" is monitored by means of a laser interferometer.

Beside laser mirrors a lot of metal mirrors are manufactured on diamond turning lathes for use in spectrometers and in optical measuring instruments in the infrared range, that are applied under extreme conditions (aeronautics, aerospace). The use of metal enables the easy integration of holders, cooling systems and adjusting aids in a component.